Air, and water-admission valve.



C. N. STEVENS.

AIR AND WATER ADMISSION VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-2.1915.

1 ,@9,-9@1 Patented Dec. 26, 1916 2 SHEETS-SHEET C. N. STEVENS.

AIR AND WATER ADMISSION VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.2. I915- Patented Dec. 26,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I Ewe/n f 7. W/Z/QA J LJJWJM 0 jays.

CHESTER N. STEVENS, OF KENILWORTH, ILLINOIS.

AIR, AND WATER-ADMISSION VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 1916.

Application filed January 2, 1915. Serial No. 228.

a citizen ofthe United States, and a resi- Tater-Admission Valve; and I do hereby dent of the town of Kenilworth, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Air, and

declare that the following description of my said invention, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exact specification, which 'will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate my said invention more fully, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hydro-carbon motor with my invention embodied therein. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a typical carburetor containing the elements for practising my invention. Fig. 3 is a transverse, vertical section of said carbureter in line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section of a fragment of the carbureter. Fig. 5 is a view of a detail of construction, and Fig. 6 indicates a longitudinal section ofa combined air and water nozzle.

Like parts are indicated by correspond ing characters or symbols of reference in all the figures of the drawings.

The essence of my invention resides in the introduction of water, preferably in atomized or filmed form, into the cylinder or cylinders of a hydro-carbon engine simultaneously with or prior to the introduction of the explosive mixture thereinto. The water having no affinity for the explosive mixture, though being commingled therewith, retains its original identity, and, as the explosive -mixture is not affected, both the atomized water and the explosive charge may be passed through the same carbureter as desired.- These two mixtures of independent identities are compressed in the cylinders in the usual manner, the hydro-carbon mixture is exploded as is now the case. But a portion of the intense heat generated by the explosion is probably instantaneously absorbed by the water, which is at once converted into superheated steam of corre sponding pressure, the expansive force of which steam co-acts with the expansive force of the exploded hydrocarbon gas in producing effective energy. At the present time the heat of the exploding gases is entirely wasted in the heating of the cylinder walls of the engine and in the burning onto the walls of the cylinders of the lubricating oils passing the-rethrough. By the introduction of the water, however, as practised in my invention, the temperature of the cylinder is greatly reduced, the pistons reciprocate more smoothly, and the use of cooling water in the cylinder walls is greatly reduced. The phenomenon taking place in the cylinder or cylinders of an engine is probably the conversion of the energy of heat generated by the explosion of the hydro-carbon gases into effective energy by converting the water into superheated steam, as already indicated herein. I

In the drawings hereto annexed, I have indicated the preferred mode of practising my invention, though it is to be understood that I may change the details thereof without affecting the essentials, which comprises a charge of water preferably in an atomized condition introduced into the cylinder or cylinders of a hydro-carbon engine prior to the ignition of the explosive charge therein.

In the practice of my invention I have found it of advantage to start the engine under the usual hydro-carbon explosions until the cylinders have become warmed up, and then introduce the water, after which I can materially reduce the supply of hydrocarbon without any loss of power; or if the carbureter is one in which the gasolene cannot be regulated, the air valves of the same. may be opened to their limit of capacity,-.

and yet an increase of power secured, which increase is accompanied by a greater smoothness in the operation of the engine, due to the much lower temperature of the moving parts thereof.

In Fig. 1 of thedrawings I indicate a multi-cylinder engine by the character A, the intake pipe as B, and the carbureter as C. This carburetor may be of any selected type slightly modified to meet the requirements of my'invention. In this particular instance the same is of such a well known type as to need no further description except to indicate that 10 is the gasolene inlet, 11 the throttle valve controlled by the lever 12, and 13 the outlet of the same which is connected to the usual intake pipe B of the engine in any suitable manner. The air inlet of this carbureter is shown at E, Fig. 3, and at the lower portion thereof, and possessed of its own air inlet E is a nozzle F. This nozzle is fixed in a loss 13 supported tour, and openings as the radial' arms 14,

Fig. 5. This disk has projecting upwardly therefrom an arm 25, Fig. 4, whicharm is connected by a link 26, Fig. 2, to a bell crank lever 27, the shorter arm of which lever is connected by a similar link'28 to a depend- J ing arm 29 of the carbureter throttle valve lever 12. It is now to be noted thatlink 28 has an elongated slot 30, and the lever 29 a similar'elongated slot at 30,- Fig. 3, whereby a considerable opening movement of the throttle valve 11 maytakeplace before the 1 spindle 21'and-air disk 24 begin to rotate to anopenposition' The object of this construction isfto permit the engine toacquire ;speed, ;upt'o a-point, where the introduction of the water will induce the best 1 results.

Thesconstructioiil'of .the nozzle F- is such l'a'flatfilm p or film take up or absorbsa certain amounta'if airipassinglthrough the openings 15" be- 7 ad l-arms 14.

automobile at any suitable nnected withfthe nozzle inlet by a awhich tankis under several pounds the nozzle at a-predeterminedv speed,

=";D u1 ing' the course of many experiments ana rams entour, I have found that the finer greater the effect, and in Fig. 6, I indi- J 'cate" a. spray nozzle 100 adapted toaerate the water and to afford a finer spray which produces excellent results. In this structure the spindle 21 has a'central interior passage {way 101 connecting with an air supply pipe Near the tapered end of the spindle (said passage wayis in communication with {the-water chamber 103. Both air and water are under pressure, and as soon as the spindle ispartially turned to open the nozzle, a true'flower pot like spray of mixed water and air issues therefrom. f

I Ihave heretofore stated that the water sup plied to the explosive mixture of carbon and nebulized, or otherwise broken up into the nozzle F in a squared end 23, which is em-, braced by a disk 24, similar in shape, con-- thinjiflower pot like spray or "ase may be, which spray ing siaid disk to: said throttle valve.

I '2. .In, an internal combustion engine, a T mixing'chamber, an air admission tube on said mixing chamber, an outlet from said 1 chamber, athrottlefvalve in said outlet,m eans .for actuating said throttle valve, a tubular sideextension' on said air admission tube,

f bfiwater supply. is a tank G.

pressure, so that. the water imues from hydroair is in a finely divided state, I In the presence ofwhich may bedefined as being atomized,

smallest, mechanically possible, condition. I have also'stated that this invention is especially designed for application inself-prope'lled vehicles, but it is evident that it is applicable, without change or modification, onstationary, boat, and other internal combustion motors.

- I reserve the right to make such changes, alterations, and modifications as are permitted under a broad application of the doc- .trine of equivalents, having in mind the-nature and scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure to my self by Letters Patent of the United States p 1. In an internal combustion engine, a

mixing chamber, an air admission element to said mixing chamber, an outlet from said .chamber, a throttle valvein said outlet, means for actuatinglsaidthrottle valve, a tubular extension on said-air admission element, a nozzle centrally locatedi in said extension, said-nozzle being supported in said extension by aseries of arms afi'ording'inlets' to said extension, a valve in-said nozzle, there being a chamber in said nozzle, a source of;

water -conmected to said chamber, a rotatable disk in frontof said tubular extension, said disks havingzlo'peningsregistering with, the inlets to saidextension, said disk being connectedto'said valve, and means for connecta nozzle centrally located in said extension,

being a chamberinsaid nozzle, a source of water connected to said chamber, a rotatableloo said nozzle being supported in said extension by a series ofarms afi'ording'mlets to said extension, a valve in sald nozzle, there disk in front ofsaid tubular extension, said disk having openings registering with the inlets to said extension, said disk being connected to said valve, and means for connecting said disk to said throttle valve, the con-- nectionbetween these valvesbeing such that the throttle'valve, will be partly opened or closed before the valve in the nozzle and the disk on the extension will begin to open and r close.

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my' -hapd in. the presence of two'subscribing witnesses. I CHESTEB N. STEVENS.

W. HARDING, C. S STARK. Y 

